Assessing the Anatomical Variations of Lingual Foramen and its Bony Canals with CBCT
Keywords:
cone beam CT, implant treatment planning, lingual foramen, lingual vascular canal, mandible.Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate by means of CBCT the presence of lingual foramen and their bony canals in the midline of the mandible and to describe their anatomical characteristics. CBCT examinations of 200 patients were carefully examined in the median region of the mandible in order to detect the lingual foramen and their corresponding vascular canals. Their presence, number, position, diameter, morphology and trajectory were established.
Lingual foramen in the midline of the mandible were observed in all 200 subjects. The number of canals varied from one to tree, with the following distribution: one canal in 39.5% of the cases, two canals in 53% and three in 7.5% of the cases.
The average diameter of the canals in mesiodistal and buccolingual side were 0.749 and 1.029 mm. 17% of the vascular canals penetrated only the lingual third of the width, 62.5% reached the middle third of the mandible and 20.5% of the canals spread to the buccal third. As a conclusion we can say that CBCT is a useful tool in planning an implant treatment. It can reveal multiple anatomic features of the mandible, including the presence and the morphology of the lingual foramen and their vascular canals in the median region of the mandible. Clinicians should acknowledge the presence of these anatomical structures and should be aware of their possible implications.
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