International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR)

Risk Factors for HIV/AIDS Incidence at the Imbi Health Center Jayapura City

Johanes Raja Pikir Siregar — 2024-07-13

HIV/AIDS cases globally and in Indonesia from year to year increase due to individual characteristics including risk factors influenced by age, gender, education, occupation, ethnicity, partner status, number of sexual partners, and injecting drug use. The purpose of the study was to determine the Risk Factors for HIV/AIDS Incidence at the Imbi Health Center, Jayapura City. The type of case-control research on the respondent population that conducts HIV screening with a sample number of 1 : 3 or 100 samples, namely 25 HIV/AIDS case samples and 75 control samples was carried out from June 1 to 15, 2024 at the Imbi Health Center. Data were obtained using questionnaires and medical record data and analyzed using chi-square, fisher exact, and logistical binary regression.The results of the study obtained that the risk and significant factor with the incidence of HIV/AIDS at the Imbi Health Center in Jayapura City was age (p-value 0.027; OR = 3,431; CI95% (1,233 – 9,547), education (p-value 0.001: OR = 6,476; CI95% (2,121 – 19,770), occupation (p-value 0.001; OR =5,118; CI95% (1,949-13,441), tribe (p-value 0.049; OR =2,939; CI95% (1,099-7,861), while the factor that is not at risk and not significant with the incidence of HIV/AIDS at the Imbi Health Center in Jayapura City is gender (p-value 0.298: OR = 1,826; CI95% (0.718 – 4.645) and the most dominant factor is age with a p-value of 0.004 and OR 7.0 CI 95% (1.88-26.1).

Rural Households’ Disposition towards Vaccination against COVID-19 Pandemic in Oyo State, Nigeria

Gbolahan Olukayode Oyelere — 2024-07-09

Rural households are very important and are actually the bedrock in the drive to fight poverty, hunger, the attainment of improved gross national product (GDP) and sustainable food security. The advent of COVID-19 in 2019 really hampered peoples’ health and livelihood activities. Therefore, this study assessed the rural households’ disposition towards vaccination against COVID-19 pandemic in Oyo State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: describe socioeconomic characteristics of the rural households in the study area, identify the underpinning factors associated with the effects on livelihood activities of the rural households during COVID-19 pandemic, determine rural households’ dispositions towards COVID-19 vaccination, and identify the constraints against COVID-19 vaccination in rural areas. The hypothesis was that there is no significant relationship between constraints and rural farming households’ disposition towards vaccination against COVID-19 vaccination. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 364 core rural households. It was revealed that the mean age was 45 years. Nationality/tribe revealed that 77.7% were indigenes while 22.3% were non-indigenes. All (100%) the respondents affirmed that they got their information on COVID-19 from radio.All (100%) the respondents asserted that imposition of restrictions on movements was the actual major factor that really affected all activities in their areas. Also, all (100%) the respondents affirmed that nobody was hospitalized and there was no any case of death due to COVID-19 infection in their areas. Furthermore, all (100%) the respondents held the belief that rural people cannot contract COVID-19 at first instance, hence vaccination was not needed. Regression analysis established that constraints of trekking long distance and phobia for vaccine were significantly related to rural households’ disposition towards vaccination against covid-19 pandemic in Oyo State. Therefore, government and all health stakeholders should device strong means of persuasion to convince the rural people about the health implications and importance of vaccines and other equally crucial health improvement programmes. Rural people should also be encouraged to embrace orthodox medical practices alongside their traditional medicine.

Revealing the Dominant Risk Factor for Hepatitis B in Pregnant Women at the Waena Health Center, Jayapura City

Hervina Kole — 2024-07-09

Background: Hepatitis B is an infection of the Hepatitis B virus through fluids and blood. The incidence of Hepatitis B in pregnant women is influenced by the age of first marriage, ethnicity, education, occupation, parity, history of blood transfusions, history of Hepatitis B immunization, hepatitis B status of sexual partners, and family history of living in the same house. Objective: To reveal the dominant risk factor for Hepatitis B in pregnant women at the Waena Health Center, Jayapura City.Method: Type of case-control study with a population of 48 pregnant women. Data were obtained using questionnaires, medical records, chi-square analysis, Odds Ratio, and logistical binary regression. Results: A significant factor affecting the incidence of hepatitis B in pregnant women was the hepatitis B status of sexual partners (p-value 0.007; OR = 12,143; CI 95% (1,947 – 75,736). An insignificant factor with the incidence of hepatitis B in pregnant women was tribe (p-value 1,000; OR = 0.880), education (p-value 1,000; OR = 1.546), family history of living in the same house infected with hepatitis B (p-value 0.441; OR = 3,182), hepatitis B immunization (p-value1,000; OR = 1,375). The dominant factor for the incidence of hepatitis B in pregnant women is the status of Hepatitis B in sexual partners. Conclusion: The status of Hepatitis B in couples is dangerous to pregnant women and fetuses, so the prevention of Hepatitis B needs to be increased through screening for infectious diseases.

Design of a Bandpass Filter with an Absorptive Stopband for Multifeed Antenna Systems

Joe Zeidan — 2024-06-23

This paper presents a filtering solution for enhanced multiband and multisource antenna systems used for space applications. Covering a large surface of the Earth necessitates numerous apertures closely spaced over a reflector antenna. Since these multi-feed systems generally employ multiple bands and multiple polarizations, these architectures induce significant coupling and consequently influence the effectiveness of the solution. The approach of signal retransmission with a controlled phase is proven to be efficient despite a delay concern. On the other hand, as shown in this paper, dissipating the reflected signal can also provide an adequate solution. For this second approach, we have synthesized a two-band filter, one passing the signal, the other absorbing it. This behaviour fits the desired antenna performance and improves the isolation between the two channels. We have designed such a filter and a comparison was made between the two approaches to investigate and derive the efficiency and benefit of each solution. A resized version of the microwave filter with dual behaviour has been manufactured and characterized for experimental verification.

Enhancing Arab College Students' Cross-Cultural Communication Competence

Philip Harttrup — 2024-07-01

This paper examines the importance and challenges of cross-cultural communication among Arab college students. It also presents recommendations on how to improve these skills with the aim of equipping Arab tertiary students with the means to thrive in business, diplomacy, and in diverse cultural environments in an increasingly globalized world.