International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR)

An analysis of risk factors for juvenile delinquency: Case study the Republic of North Macedonia

Daniel Pavlovski, Aleksandar Petkovski — Fri, 14 Jan 2022 16:40:07 +0000

Many countries in Europe and around the world are currently facing the problem of juvenile delinquency. In order to better understand the juvenile delinquency, as well as to explore main reasons and risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of delinquent and criminal behavior among juveniles, this paper is focused on an analysis of the data contained in the files of juveniles serving prison sentences in the Republic of North Macedonia. Having in mind that the research has been conducted in the Juvenile Prison in Ohrid and the fact that this prison is only for male juveniles, in the research, there is no data analysis for female juvenile delinquents. The results from this study show that the juvenile delinquency is a very complex phenomenon that occurs due to different factors and for the prevention and suppression of which, a coordinated and serious social action is needed. This analysis showed that juveniles serving prison sentences have not developed adequate social skills to deal with the problems and challenges they face in everyday life. Therefore, they manifest various forms of socially unacceptable behaviors, which is in conflict with existing moral and legal norms. The lack of social skills is one of the indicators which shows that the family, but also society, have misperceived the phenomenon and have negatively contributed in the process of building personalities of these young people with acceptable moral values and behaviors. To this end, the family and society have failed to exert adequate educational influence on these juveniles.

Sorption of Phosphate onto Surfactant-Modified Zeolite Particles

Syaifuddin , Raihani Wahdah, Abdullah, Akhmad R. Saidy — Fri, 14 Jan 2022 16:32:01 +0000

Slow-release phosphorous (P) fertilizer is basically considered as an approach to increase the efficiency of P fertilization on agricultural lands. This study aimed to examine the effect of pH solutions (3.5, 7, 9 and 11), contact times (10, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 minutes), and solid-solution ratios (1:500 , 1:1000, and 1:1500) on the capability of zeolite as a material for the development of slow-release fertilizers for absorbing phosphate ions. The surface of natural zeolite was chemically modified through surfactant addition (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide - C₉H₄₂BrN or HDTMABr), and the capability of surfactant-modified zeolite (SMZ) to adsorb phosphate ions was studied through batch experiments. Results of the study showed that pH solution affected the sorption of phosphate ions onto SMZ, in which pH solution of 5.0 showed high P adsorption and was below the pH_pzc of SMZ. The amount of adsorbed P onto SMZ does not vary based on changes in contact time. Result of the study also revealed that the maximum sorption capacity (Q_max) of phosphate ions onto SMZ increases with increasing solid-solution ratios. Results of this study show that SMZ may potentially be used as an material for the development of slow-release P fertilizers, in which the pH solution and solid-solution ratio control the amount of sorbed P onto SMZ.

Design and Implementation of a Distance Training Device of Physical and Sports Education’s Future Teachers : Application of ADDIE Model

Mostafa HAMSE, Said Lotfi, Mohammed Talbi — Fri, 14 Jan 2022 16:11:30 +0000

Distance learning has largely infiltrated several higher education institutions in Morocco driven by the expansion of opportunities offered by information and communication technologies such as ODL, MOOC, SPOC. However, countless challenges continue to hamper the design, implementation and evaluation of these devices in education and vocational training for desired effectiveness. The aim of this study is to design an ODL system based on the SPOCs model which aims to develop professional skills for 70 future teachers of Physical and Sports Education.We have used ADDIE model as a methodological tool for our technopedagogical design with its Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation phases.Using Chi-square test, we examined the effect of the following independent variables: form of content, on trained type groups : hybrid and distanced at the threshold of p <.05. The results obtained show that trainee teachers have an increased need for their professional skills development through our FP@STAPS device using various digital resources. Thus, the evaluation of this device has shown its usefulness and effectiveness.The study therefore recommends the integration of this type of training into vocational training centers in Morocco. In addition, the study recommends that its technopedagogical design be based on referenced models such as ADDIE.

Factors Associated with Cervical Cancer at the Regional Public Hospital Dok II Jayapura in 2021

Hasmi — Sat, 08 Jan 2022 03:02:39 +0000

Background Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that develops from the cervix, which is cylindrical in shape, protrudes, and is connected to the vagina via the external uterine os. Cervical cancer is the most common in developing countries, ranks 10th in developed countries, and ranks 5th globally. According to Anatomical Pathology data from 2010, cervical cancer ranks second out of the top ten cancers in Indonesia, with a 12.7 percent incidence. According to preliminary data from Dok II Hospital, there were 11 cases (10.4 percent) of cervical cancer or the third order among 105 cancer patients studied. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the risk factors for cervical cancer at the Regional General Hospital Dok II Jayapura in 2021. Methods: This study was conducted at the Regional General Hospital Dok II Jayapura using a quantitative method and a Case Control design. A total of 105 cases, 11 cases, and 94 controls were used in the study. Result: According to the findings of this study, age at first birth (p = 0.008); OR: 0.14 (0.03 – 0.55) had a significant relationship with the incidence of cervical cancer in women at Regional General Hospital Dok II Jayapura. Meanwhile, maternal age variable (p = 0.3) OR: 2.5; 95 percent CI (0.5-10.2), Age of Menarche (p = 0.72); OR: 0.14 (0.38-5.24) and Family History of Cancer (p = 0.7); OR: 1.3 (0.3-4.7) have no significant relationship with the incidence of cervical cancer in women in Regional General Hospital Dok II Jayapura in 2021.

The Use of Blended Cinder Aggregates for Concrete Mixes

Dr. Duwa Hamisi Chengula — Sat, 08 Jan 2022 00:00:00 +0000

The study to design concrete by using cinder blended aggregates was conducted in Mbeya Region Tanzania. Cinder aggregates were blended with crushed stones aggregates for concrete mixes. In Mbeya Region there are abundant volcanic materials which are pozzolan, cinders and pumices. The study involved characterization of source aggregates and for blended aggregates. The materials used for this study were natural cinder aggregates from Ituha, Crushed stone aggregates from Mbalizi and excavated pit sands from Ituha. The binder used was CEMI 32.5N manufactured by Tembo Lafarge Cement Company Limited.

The results from strength and physical properties tests of aggregates indicated that Ituha cinder aggregates have low strength, low specific gravity and high water absorption compared to Mbalizi crushed stone aggregates. The strength results for Ituha cinder aggregates are 75kN for TFV, 38.76% for ACV and 48. 26% for AIV. The results of SG, WA, EI and FI for Ituha cinder aggregates are 1.77, 3.31%, 19.82% and 12.88% respectively. The strength results for Mbalizi crushed stones aggregates are 240kN for TFV, 15.82% for ACV and 18. 30% for AIV. The results of SG, WA, EI and FI for Mbalizi crushed stone aggregates are 2.63, 0.87%, 34.41% and 12.60% respectively. The SG and WA for Ituha pit sand are 2.44 and 3.18% respectively.

Sieve analysis for Ituha cinder aggregates, Mbalizi crushed stone aggregates and Ituha pit sands were conducted. The aggregates and sands were blended together to get six blended sample materials targeting the selected aggregate envelopes for concrete mixes. The concrete were prepared for two different cement contents of 350kg/m³ and 450kg/m³ mixed at W/C ratio of 0.55. Due to high demand of mixing water the super plasticizer at 2.5% and 3% for cement content of 450kg/m³ and 350kg/m³ respectively were added to fresh concrete. The concretes were cured under water for 7days, 14days, 21days and 28days. The results for compressive strength indicated that the compressive strengths increased with increasing curing period and increased amount of Mbalizi crushed aggregates and cement contents. The compressive strength of concrete specimens mixed at cement content of 350kg/m³ cured for 28days are 23.8MPa for 55IPS45MCA00ICA, 22.3MPa for 50IPS36MCA14ICA, 20.7MPa for 45IPS27MCA28ICA, 18.4MPa for 40IPS18MCA42ICA, 18.0MPa for 35IPS09MCA56ICA and 16.6MPa for 30IPS00MCA70ICA. The compressive strength of concrete mixed at cement content of 450kg/m³ cured for 28days are 27.8MPa for 55IPS45MCA00ICA, 29.0MPa for 50IPS36MCA14ICA, 26.1MPa for 45IPS27MCA28ICA, 24.6MPa for 40IPS18MCA42ICA, 22.9MPa for 35IPS09MCA56ICA and 22.2MPa for 30IPS00MCA70ICA. But also densities of cured concrete specimens for both cement contents increased with increased curing periods and amount of Mbalizi crushed aggregates. The increase in compressive strength with increased curing period and Mbalizi crushed aggregates is because of development of cementitious compound and high resistance against crushing. For this study for easy blending process of aggregate materials, the blending model have been developed, the model uses median particle size (MS) and grading factor (GF) as variables. To make use of strength of aggregate materials, the prediction model of compressive strength of 28days cured concrete specimens was developed. The model uses TFV, SG and cement content as variables.