Effect of Compost Quality and Microbial Population Density of Composts on the Suppressiveness of Pythium myriotylum, Causal Agent of Cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) Root Rot Disease in Cameroon
Keywords:
Cocoyam root rot disease, Compost types, Microbial populations, Physiochemical propertiesAbstract
The effect of eight compost types made from four different grass species mixed with poultry and pig manure and microbial population in compost were evaluated on the suppressiveness of the root rot disease on cocoyam. The experimental layout was a complete randomized design with five replicates conducted in a screen house in the Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang. Compost was used in the ratio of 1:1 by weight (2kg compost: 2kg soil/plant). It was inoculated 48 hours before planting to enable compost-pathogen interaction. Compost microbial populations were estimated using dilution plating with appropriate media (tryptic soil agar, TSA) for Heterotrophic bacteria and Actinomycetes isolation agar for Actinomycetes respectively.
The physicochemical properties (pH-H2O, CEC, N, K, Na, Mg and Ca) of compost were determined and analysed. Disease incidence and severity was significantly (P
References
Agueguia A. 2000. Importance and uses of cocoyam in Cameroonian diets. Pp 550-560. In: Twentieth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops (ISTRC). (Nakatani & K. Komati (Eds). IPGRI Session. Tsukuba Japan.
Schafer J.L. 1999. Am
Agueguia A., 2008. Factors associated with organic matter-mediated cocoyam root rot suppression in fields systems. First International Conference on cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) Cultivation, genetic improvement and disease management. 29-31 October 2008 at IRAD Ekona, Buea-Cameroon. Book of Abstract of the Conference, 35p.
Reyes C.G. 2006. Studies on cocoyam (Xanthosoma spp.) in Nicaragua, with emphasis on Dasheen mosaic virus. PhD Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences (Sweden), 110p.
Nzietchueng S. 1985. Genre Xanthosoma sagittifolium (macabo) et contraintes de production: cas de la pourriture racinaire caus
Tambong J.T., Poppe J. and Hofte M. 1999. Pathogenicity and electrophoretic characterisation and detection of the root rot disease pathogen, Pythium myriotylum. European Journal of Plant Pathology 105: 597-607.
Perneel M., Tambong J.T., Abiobo A., Floren C., Sabario F., Leveque A. and Hofte M. 2006. Intraspecific variability of Pythium myriotylum isolated from cocoyam and other host plants. Mycological Research 110: 583-593.
Acquah E.T., Nnoung A., Mbassa A. and Mboua J.C. 1994. Macabo root rot disease in Cameroon; Knowledge, Occurance and Incidence in Fako Division. Pp 446-472 In: Tropical Root Crops in a Developing Economy. (F. Ofori & S.K. Hahn (Eds). Proc.of the 9th Symp ISTRC. Accra-Ghana. 20-26.Oct. 1991.
Boudjeko T., Omokolo N.D., Drioch A. and Balange A.P. 2005. Peroxydases and pectin methyl esterase activities in cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L). Schott) roots upon Pythium myriotylum inoculation. Journal of Phytopathology 153: 409-416
Boudjeko T., Ad
Hoitink H.A.J and Fashy P.C. 1986. Basis for the control of soil borne plant pathogens with composts. Annual Review of Phytopathology 24: 93-114.
Djeugap F.J., Nibod C.T. and Fontem D.A. 2014. Effect of compost amendments on the suppressiveness of bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi) of potatoes in the Western Highland of Cameroon. Crop & Pasture Science (CSIRO PUBLISHING, In Press).
Djeugap F.J., Eko D., Nguefack J., Nibod C.T. and Fontem D.A. 2014. Effect of organic amendments and fungicide application on potato late blight, bacterial wilt and yield in Cameroon. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research 5(4): 12-19.
Adiobo A. 2006. Biological control of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott) root rot disease caused by Pythium myriotylum Dreschl.: importance of soil organic matter content and cultural practices. Thesis de doctorado, Universidad de Gante, Flandes, B
Weller D.M., Raaijmakers J.M., Gardener B.B. and Thomashow L.S. 2002. Microbial populations responsible for specific soil suppressiveness to plant pathogens. Annual. Review of Phytopathology 40: 309-348.
Stone A.G., vallad G.E., Cooperband L.R., Rtenberg D., Darby H.M., James R.V., Stevenson W.R. and Goodman R.M. 2003. Effect of organic amendments on soil-borne and foliar diseases in field-grown snapdragons, bean and cucumber. Plant Disease 87: 1037-1042.
Southern JW, Schenck NC and Mitchell DJ., 2010. Comparative pathogenicity of Pythium myriotylum and P. irregulare to the soybean cultivar Bragg. Phytopathology 66: 1380
Darby H.M., Stone A.G. and Dick R.P. 2006. Compost and manure mediated impacts on soil-borne pathogens and soil quality. Soil Science Society of American Journal 70: 347-358.
Cooperband, L., G. Bollero and F. Coale., 2002. Effect of poultry litter and its compost on soil nitrogen and phosphorous availability and corn production. Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. 6(2): 185-194.
McKellar M.E. and Nelson E.B., 2003. Compost-induced suppression of Pythium damping-off is mediated by fatty-acid-metabolizing seed-colonizing microbial communities. Applied and Environnemental Microbiology (69) 1: 452-460.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who submit papers with this journal agree to the following terms.
