Assessment for the Environmental Impacts of Chemical Constituents’ Percentage Variation for Ceramic Manufacturing
Keywords:
Life Cycle Assessment, Ceramic Tiles, OpenLCA, GaBi, Climate change, AcidificationAbstract
Ceramic tile manufacturing process is energy intensive since within several stages the product is subject to thermal treatment. The source of thermal energy used is by combustion of natural gas. Unfortunately, the oxidation of this fossil fuel produces greenhouse gases. The impact severity on environment and humans is influenced by the chemical composition of ceramic. Hence the objective of this research is to study the effect of changing the percentage of seven samples with the most effective composition of ceramic used in many countries. The selected impact categories for the study were global warming, Climate change, acidification, eutrophication, and human toxicity. The constituents’ percentages of ceramic manufacturing have been evaluated using GABI vs OpenLCA. It was found that lowering the percentage of Silicon dioxide in the mixture from 51.01% to 87.8 leads to an overall emission reduction of 28% and the differences between the results were close for both software.
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