Clinical Evolution and Risk Factors of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19, Haiti, March-June 2020

Authors

  • Edwige Michel Ministry of Public Health and Population, Directorate of Epidemiology Laboratory and Research, Haiti
  • Hetsner Denis Ministry of Public Health and Population, Directorate of Epidemiology Laboratory and Research, Haiti
  • Roberta Bouilly Ministry of Public Health and Population, Directorate of Epidemiology Laboratory and Research, Haiti
  • Senou Amouzou Ministry of Public Health and Population, Directorate of Epidemiology Laboratory and Research, Haiti
  • Hebrelienne Amelus Ministry of Public Health and Population, Directorate of Epidemiology Laboratory and Research, Haiti
  • Jean Samuel Pierre Ministry of Public Health and Population, Directorate of Epidemiology Laboratory and Research, Haiti
  • Mauricio Cerpa Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO)
  • Stanley Juin US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
  • Melissa Ethéart US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
  • Nadia Phaïmyr D. Jn Charles US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
  • Gladzdin Jean- Denis Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO)
  • Junior Clervilus Ministry of Public Health and Population, National Laboratory of Public Health, Haiti
  • Jean Romuald Ernest Ministry of Public Health and Population, Directorate of Epidemiology Laboratory and Research, Haiti
  • Patrick Dély Ministry of Public Health and Population, Directorate of Epidemiology Laboratory and Research, Haiti
  • Donald Lafontant Ministry of Public Health and Population, Directorate of Epidemiology Laboratory and Research, Haiti
  • Jacques Boncy Ministry of Public Health and Population, National Laboratory of Public Health, Haiti
  • Samson Marseille Ministry of Public Health and Population, Directorate of Epidemiology Laboratory and Research, Haiti

Keywords:

Coronavirus, COVID-19, comorbidity, risk factors, clinical evolution, signs and symptoms, recovery, death severity

Abstract

In December 2019, a coronavirus epidemic emerged in China. Within months, the epidemic was considered a public health emergency of international concern. In Haiti, the first laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 were reported on March 19, 2020, in a context where there was some limitations of knowledge on the modes of transmission, the severity, the clinical characteristics and the risk factors of the disease. This study has made it possible to characterize the epidemic and investigate the associations between the risk factors, co morbidities, and clinical evolution of the disease.

To develop the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients with COVID-19 in Haiti, data were collected from the clinical records of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 from March 16 to June 16, 2020, in 22 healthcare facilities. Univariate, bivariate, and logistic regression model analyses were performed to describe and explore the risk factors, comorbidities, and treatments associated with patients’ clinical evolution. Statistical significance was determined using a 95% confidence interval or p-value of ?0.05.  Diabetes and high blood pressure were the main comorbidities that had a statistically significant association with the severe form of the disease and the occurrence of death. The likelihood of dying increased with age, and patients in the severe form were almost four times more likely to die. The administration of ceftriaxone to patients was significantly related to recovery from the disease. Diabetes, high blood pressure, and age were the major risk factors for the severity and mortality of people infected with COVID19. Ceftriaxone administration was protective against recovery.

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Published

2022-10-21

How to Cite

Michel, E., Hetsner Denis, Roberta Bouilly, Senou Amouzou, Hebrelienne Amelus, Jean Samuel Pierre, Mauricio Cerpa, Stanley Juin, Melissa Ethéart, Nadia Phaïmyr D. Jn Charles, Gladzdin Jean- Denis, Junior Clervilus, Jean Romuald Ernest, Patrick Dély, Donald Lafontant, Jacques Boncy, & Samson Marseille. (2022). Clinical Evolution and Risk Factors of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19, Haiti, March-June 2020. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 64(1), 288–301. Retrieved from https://gssrr.org/index.php/JournalOfBasicAndApplied/article/view/14610

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