The Impact of the Government Policy on Large-Scale Social Restrictions on the Covid-19 Pandemic on Food Availability in Family in the Work Area of the Kotaraja Health Center, Jayapura City, Papua Province, in 2020

Abstract

Background Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that can cause disease in animals or humans. Several types of coronavirus are known to cause respiratory tract infections in humans ranging from coughs and colds to more serious ones such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). A new type of coronavirus found to cause the disease COVID 19. Latest data to date June 26, 2020 at 20.29 WIB in Indonesia Confirmed 52,667 cases, treated 27,411, recovered 21,333, died 2,683. Meanwhile, Papua as of June 26, 2020, confirmed 1,619, under treatment 790 (49%), recovered 813 (50%) and died 16 (1%). The highest cases occurred in Jayapura City with a total of 841 positive cases, 546 treated, recovered 286, and died 9. The spread of COVID-19 is mainly through respiratory droplets released by someone who is coughing or has other symptoms such as fever or fatigue. One of the effective prevention to break the chain of transmission is self-isolation. In line with the increasing and rapid development of cases, the government issued a policy of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB stands for Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar in Indonesian) in handling COVID-19 by issuing Government Regulation (PP) Number 21 of 2020 and Presidential Decree (Keppres) No. 11 of 2020 with the aim of limiting various activities in areas with high spread cases. Restrictions on activities starting from school, work, and worship carried out at home and prohibiting people from congregating. The impact of the PSBB implementation has a negative impact on the economy. People's incomes, especially those who do not have permanent jobs and those with daily income are greatly affected because they can no longer carry out their usual activities to earn income every day, some even get laid off because their place of work is no longer able to pay wages due to reduced company or workplace income, some are closed. The area of ??impact that is very worrying is the decrease in the availability of food in the household and will result in an increase in cases of malnutrition or poor nutrition. In addition, in dealing with COVID-19, maximum immunity is needed so that it is not easily infected, in connection with that the body really needs good nutrition at this time to fight the virus before and during the PSBB Covid-19 outbreak policy or activity restrictions and regional quarantine. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the differences and trends in food availability changes in the family before and during the PSBB Covid-19 outbreak policy or activity restrictions and regional quarantine so that it can be used as information and reference in formulating policies related to efforts to overcome COVID-19 so as not to have an impact on the problem of food availability in the family. Methods: The research was carried out in the Kotaraja Health Center area from July to September 2020. This type of quantitative research was carried out by surveying and processed by analytical descriptive. The populations in this study were all heads of families who live in the working area of the Kotaraja Health Center with a total of 456 households. Determination of the sample is based on consecutive sampling with criteria for areas that have family members with various sources of income, namely fixed income such as civil servants, army, police and the like, head of family engaged in the private sector such as entrepreneurs, farmers, fishermen, head of family with daily income and head of family with uncertain income such as construction workers, motorcycle taxi drivers, hawkers, street vendors, areca nut sellers, retail vegetable sellers. Data collections are obtained through online, offline, whatsapp, and manual questionnaires. Result: The results of the study describe a change in the decline in food availability, food adequacy, diversity of food consumption, and access to food in the form of rice, side dishes, vegetables, fruits, and spices in the family from before to during the Covid-19 pandemic. There are also difficulties in obtaining food.