Evaluation of Yields and Chemical Composition of Unhairing Concentrate (UC) from Cowhide Unhairing Waste (CUW) Produced Using Different Process Methods

Authors

  • Muhammad Irfan Said Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Jl.Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Makassar 90245, Indonesia
  • Effendi Abustam Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Jl.Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Makassar 90245, Indonesia
  • Farida Nur Yuliati Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Jl.Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Makassar 90245, Indonesia
  • Muh. Raja Batara Gau Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Jl.Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Makassar 90245, Indonesia

Keywords:

Unhairing Concentrate, Cowhide Unhairing Waste, Method Process, Yields, Chemical Composition

Abstract

Unhairing concentrate (UC) is one of the processed products from cowhide unhairing waste (CUW) which can be done through hydrolysis and fermentation processes. UC has the potential to be used as a protein source. CUW is obtained from the cowhide cracker processing industry (CCPI) process. The CUW processing method affects the yields and chemical composition of UC products. This study aims to evaluate the yields and chemical composition of UC products produced from CUW through the application of different process methods.  A total of 5 treatments were applied in this study, namely: A0 = control; A1 = CUW + F-Bs ; A2 = CUW + CP + F-Bs; A3 = CUW + I-NaOH + F-Bs +; A4 = CUW + CP + I-NaOH + F-Bs, where CUW = Cowhide Unhairing Waste; F-Bs = Fermentation using Bacillus subtilis FNCC 0060; CP = Cooking Pressure using 21 Psi for 10 hours; I-NaOH = Immersion in NaOH 5% solution (1.25 M). The research design used CRD, 5 treatments with 3 repetitions. The final result shows that the yields value of UC is influenced by different processing methods. The difference in the process lowers the yield. Differences in the processing process at CUW can reduce fiber content and water content in UC products. UC products produced from CUW have the potential to be developed as substitute feed ingredients, especially for poultry.  The A3 treatment gave better results than other treatments based on the results of both quantitative and qualitative studies.

References

. M.I.Said, A.Asriany, S.N.Sirajuddin, E.Abustam, R. Rasyid. (2018, Dec). “Evaluation of the Quality of Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Rabbit’s Urine Waste Fermented Using Local Microorganisms as Decomposers”. Iraqi J. Agric. Sci. [On-line]. 49, pp.990–1003. Available: http://jcoagri.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/intro/article/view/133 [August 08, 2021].

. M.I.Said. (2014, Juli). By Product Ternak Teknologi dan Aplikasinya. (Bogor: IPB Press).

. A.Tarmizi. “Evaluasi Nilai Nutrisi Tepung Bulu yang Difermentasi dengan Menggunakan Bacillus licheniformis pada ayam Broiler”. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, 2011.

. M.C.Papadopoulos, A.R.El-Boushy and M. Katelaars. (1985). “Effect of different processing condition on amino acid digestibility of feather meal determined by chicken assay”. Poultry Sci. [On-line]. 64, pp. 1729–74.Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579119469496/pdf?md5=998b93a64c6f994d6e83acb54c19c0f7&pid=1-s2.0-S0032579119469496-main.pdf. [August 08, 2021]

. Steel R G D and Torrie J H 1980 Principles and Procedures of Statistics (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co Inc)

. A.I.Vogel, A.R. Tatchell, B.S. Furnis, A.J.Hannaford and P.W.G. Smith. Vogel's Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry. 5th Edition. Prentice Hall, 1996. ISBN 0-582-46236-3.

. I.Kolodziejska, E.Skierka, M.Sadowska, W.Kolodziejski, C.Niecikowska. (2008, March) “Effect of extracting time and temperature on yield of gelatin from different fish offal”. Food Chem. [On-line]. 107, pp. 700-706. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308814607008928. [August 08, 2021]

. R.Armando. (2009). Memproduksi 15 Minyak Atsiri Berkualitas. Jakarta: Penerbit Penebar Swadaya. Hal: 71

. Departemen Kesehatan RI. (2000). Parameter Standar Umum Ekstrak Tumbuhan Obat. Cetakan Pertama. Jakarta: DepKes RI: Hal 5, 11, 14

. N.Thiex, C.R. Richardson. (2003, Dec). “Challenges in measuring moisture content of feeds”. J. Anim. Sci. [On-line]. 81, pp.3255-3266. DOI: 10.2527/2003.81123255x. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14677883/ [August 08, 2021]

. T.Tesfaye, B.Sithole, D.Ramjugernath, V. Chunilall. (2017, Oct). “Valorisation of chicken feathers: Characterisation of chemical properties”. Waste manag. [On-Line). 68, pp. 626-635. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0956053X17304919 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.050. [August 08, 2021]

. J.Liu, C.Bai, L.Yan, S.Chen, Y.Zhang (2014, Nop). “Nutritional value evaluation of saccharum spontaneum L. germplasm resources”. Agric. Sci. Technol. [On-line] 15, pp.1981-1986. https://www.proquest.com/openview/10c51d90879734e3aaa2df41039b8e89/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1596357 . [August 08, 2021]

. NRC. (2001). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th Ed., National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., ISBN-10: 0309515211, pp: 380.

Downloads

Published

2021-08-24

How to Cite

Said, M. I. ., Abustam, E., Nur Yuliati, F., & Gau, M. R. B. . (2021). Evaluation of Yields and Chemical Composition of Unhairing Concentrate (UC) from Cowhide Unhairing Waste (CUW) Produced Using Different Process Methods. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 60(1), 112–119. Retrieved from https://gssrr.org/index.php/JournalOfBasicAndApplied/article/view/12999

Issue

Vol. 60 No. 1 (2021)

Section

Articles

License

Authors who submit papers with this journal agree to the following terms.