The Role of Arts Engagement in Mitigating Stress among University Students: A Literature Review

Abstract

This study explores the role of arts engagement in mitigating stress among undergraduate students, with a specific focus on both global and Chinese educational contexts. Stress in higher education is a pervasive issue, exacerbated by academic pressures, financial constraints, and cultural expectations. In China, these challenges are compounded by systemic factors such as the competitive Gaokao system and deeply ingrained Confucian values, which emphasize academic excellence and family honor, often at the expense of individual well-being. While Western literature extensively examines stress management strategies, such as mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral therapies, these interventions often lack cultural resonance in non-Western settings. Through a systematic review methodology adhering to PRISMA guidelines, this study synthesizes findings from empirical research on arts-based interventions, including music therapy, visual arts workshops, and calligraphy. Evidence indicates that these interventions significantly reduce stress by addressing cognitive, emotional, and physiological stress responses. Music therapy demonstrates efficacy in lowering cortisol levels and promoting relaxation through activation of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Visual arts provide cognitive distraction and emotional expression, reducing anxiety and fostering a sense of control. In Chinese contexts, traditional practices like calligraphy enhance mindfulness and align with cultural values of harmony and introspection, making them particularly effective stress management tools. The analysis highlights cultural differences in arts engagement practices. While Western interventions prioritize individuality and self-expression, Chinese approaches emphasize discipline and societal harmony, aligning with collective cultural norms. Despite their effectiveness, challenges such as methodological inconsistencies, cultural biases, and underrepresentation of non-Western practices in the literature limit the generalizability of findings.This study concludes that arts engagement offers a versatile and culturally adaptable strategy for stress management in higher education. By integrating arts-based interventions into academic settings, universities can promote holistic well-being and address culturally specific needs. Future research should focus on addressing methodological gaps, enhancing cultural inclusivity, and exploring the long-term impacts of arts engagement on student stress reduction.