Outpatient Management of Neuropathic Pain in Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most frequent and severe chronic complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) affecting patients’ quality of lif. The disease manifests in pain, decreased mobility, and amputations. Diabetic neuropathy consists of various types affecting the peripheral nervous system whose severity varies from pain to even death outcomes. Diabetic neuropathies can be of several types and the effect varies from mild pain to death due to the damage of the peripheral nerves. The oxidative stress in diabetic neurons through hyperglycemia contributes to the major neuronal damage in the patients. While there are medications for managing the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy, there are no effective treatments for the underlying causes. Moreover, a proper approach to treating neuropathic pain in patients with DM type 2 is necessary to reduce the patient’s suffering and enhance their quality of life. The literature review to be presented in this paper has been designed to discuss the current approaches and recommendations concerning managing neuropathic pain in patients with DM through focusing on pharmacological treatment such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and opioid analgesics, non-pharmacological treatment such as aerobic exercise, and the patient education.
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